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Introduction to FRIENDS
Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health problem facing children today, significantly interfering with a child's ability to handle a wide variety of everyday activities, including interpersonal relationships, social competence, peer relations, and school adjustment. If left untreated, childhood anxiety may become a chronic problem with the potential to lead to severe adolescent and adult depression.
It is therefore crucial that children and their families have access to effective preventative strategies to deal with anxiety and stress early in life.
FRIENDS helps children and youth gain skills such as:
- Dealing with difficult situations
- Recognizing the signs of anxiety
- Relaxation techniques
- Positive thinking
- Problem solving
- Emotional resilience
- Using peer support
- Conflict resolution
FRIENDS is about preventing childhood anxiety and depression through the
application of firm cognitive behavioural principles and the building of emotional
resilience. It aims to reduce the incidence of serious psychological disorders,
emotional distress and impairment in social functioning by teaching children and
young people how to cope with, and manage, anxiety both now and in later life.
FRIENDS is a community-oriented cognitive-behavioural intervention based on a
firm theoretical model which addresses cognitive, physiological and behavioural
processes that are seen to interact in the development, maintenance and experience of
anxiety.
The program has been designed to be effective as both a treatment and a school-based
prevention course promoting self-development. When used in schools it is targeted
across a single selected grade of children. It can be used in both elementary (usually
around ages 10-12) and secondary (usually around ages 15-16) school.
The History of FRIENDS
FRIENDS stems originally from the research work of psychologist Phillip Kendall in
the United States who developed the Coping Cat workbook in the 1980s. Coping Cat
was used to individually treat children with a diagnosis of overanxiety, separation
anxiety or avoidant disorder. Kendall was the first researcher to conduct a randomised
treatment study of general anxiety disorders in children. From 1991, Kendall's work
was adapted and extended here in Australia by Dr Paula Barrett into the Coping
Koala program for the treatment of children with an anxiety disorder in a group
format with an added family intervention component.
In 1998 Coping Koala was further refined by Dr Barrett with help from researchers at
Griffith University, Queensland, to reflect a user-friendly early intervention and
prevention format, and was expanded into two parallel age groups - FRIENDS for
Children 7-11 years, and FRIENDS for Youth 12-16 years. The production and
editing expertise of noted behavioural science publisher Australian Academic Press
was acquired mid-1998 to ensure that the program (and its translated versions) was
published with quality materials and that its readability was enhanced.
In late 1999, following another round of research validation, a third edition of
FRIENDS for Children was completed, which incorporated research feedback
Introduction to FRIENDS designed to tailor the program toward an even more teacher-friendly, school-based universal intervention.
In late 2004 and early 2005, a major revision to both the Children and Youth
programs was undertaken to ensure FRIENDS remains at the cutting edge of
excellence in anxiety prevention and treatment. The new editions incorporate the
latest research advances in childhood anxiety, depression and resiliency, as well as
additional teacher and clinician support information and feedback from the tens of
thousands of students, teachers and parents who have benefited from the program. A
new general title for the program, "FRIENDS for Life" was introduced to reflect the
life-long benefits of the program. FUN FRIENDS, a preschool version is also available from the Pathways Health and Research Centre.
Introduction to FRIENDS
An Introduction to FRIENDS booklet (© 2007 Barrett & May) which includes its history, scope, research activities and present use in classrooms and centres around the world, can be downloaded clicking on the link below:
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